| Articles : Effect of Taekwondo Training on Skeletal Maturity, Body Composition, Dietary Intake and Physical Fitness in Boys Aged 7-10 Years |
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| Abstract |
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The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of Taekwondo training on skeletal maturity, body composition, dietary intake and physical fitness in boys aged 7-10 years. Subjects consist of 320 boys including t60 for taekwondo group and 160 for non-taekwondo group aged 7-10 years. Anthropometric characteristics included body weight, height, sitting height, 2 bone widths, 8 circumferences, and 5 skinfold thicknesses. Skeletal maturation was assessed by the Tanner-Whitehouse Ⅱ method. Skeletal age was determined by RUS scores (radius, ulna, and short bones). The three somatotype components were calculated by Carter-Heath anthropometric method. Body composition parameters were analyzed by Bioetectrical Impedance Analysis (Inbody 3.0). Dietary intake was evaluated from three randomly assigned days of diet records, including one weekend day and two weekdays. All subjects completed a three day diet record. From these records, average daily intakes of the nutrients were estimated using Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program. Physical fitness included flamingo balance, plate tapping, sit and reach, grip strength, sit-ups, long jump, shuttle run 50 in, bent arm hang, and endurance run. All statistical analysis were carried out by the SAS computer programs. There were significant differences (p＜0.01) for RUS score and Skeletal age between age groups within group. The results indicated that significant difference could be observed for endomorphy and ectomorphy between TKD and Non-TKD groups. TKD group (2.7) was significantly lower (p＜0.01) for endomorphy than Non-TKD group (3.6). On the contrary, significant (p＜0.05) higher ectomorphy was found in TKD group (2.8) compared to non-TKD group (2.2). For body composition variables there were significant differences for %fat and body mass index between TKD and Non-TKD groups. Percent body fat and body mass index were significantly lower in TKD group (18.5%, 16.7 kg/m) than those of Non-TKD group (21.6%, 17.7 kg/m²). For physical fitness parameters significant difference could be obtained for flamingo balance (p＜0.001), long distance jump (p＜0.03), bent arm hang (p＜0.01) and endurance run (p＜0.03). TKD group showed better results for these variables compared to Non-TKD group. As a result of the study, it can be suggested that taekwondo performed during childhood is not only positively related to the three somatotype components and body composition but can also improve the level of physical fitness. |
| Key Words:
Skeletal age, physical fitness, dietary intake |
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